{"id":916,"date":"2021-03-28T12:03:44","date_gmt":"2021-03-28T10:03:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sachkunde-34a.de\/?p=916"},"modified":"2021-04-11T00:21:31","modified_gmt":"2021-04-10T22:21:31","slug":"kann-ein-dieb-der-besitzer-einer-geklauten-sache-sein","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sachkunde-34a.de\/cs\/muze-zlodej-byt-vlastnikem-ukradene-veci\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zlo\u00add\u011bj vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem ukra\u00adde\u00adn\u00e9 v\u011bci?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zno\u00advu a zno\u00advu se m\u011b pta\u00adj\u00ed na obs\u00adah zkou\u0161ky.<\/h3>\n

Od nyn\u011b\u00adj\u0161\u00adka se budu na blogu tak\u00e9 ob\u010das podrob\u00adn\u011b\u00adji v\u011bno\u00advat \u010das\u00adto kla\u00adden\u00fdm ot\u00e1z\u00adk\u00e1m ke zkou\u0161\u00adko\u00adv\u00fdm t\u00e9ma\u00adt\u016fm, zej\u00adm\u00e9\u00adna t\u011bm, kter\u00e1 u mno\u00adha \u00fa\u010dast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adk\u016f opa\u00adko\u00advan\u011b vyvol\u00e1\u00adva\u00adj\u00ed nejasnosti.
\nNed\u00e1v\u00adno jsem obdr\u017eel dotaz od \u017e\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd cht\u011bl vyu\u017e\u00edt slu\u017e\u00adbu P\u0159ed\u00adm\u011b\u00adto\u00adv\u00fd vzd\u011bl\u00e1\u00adva\u00adc\u00ed por\u00adt\u00e1l<\/a> se p\u0159i\u00adpra\u00advil na zkou\u0161\u00adku 34a online. \u0158ekl mi, \u017ee v tes\u00adto\u00adv\u00fdch ot\u00e1z\u00adk\u00e1ch na por\u00adt\u00e1\u00adlu byla \u00fada\u00adjn\u011b chyba:<\/p>\n

\u201cKdy\u017e n\u011bk\u00addo n\u011bco ukrad\u00adne, ukradl to n\u011bko\u00admu jin\u00e9\u00admu. Spr\u00e1v\u00adn\u00e1 odpo\u00adv\u011b\u010f na v\u00fdu\u00adko\u00adv\u00e9m por\u00adt\u00e1\u00adlu je, \u017ee zlo\u00add\u011bj je pak vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem v\u011bci. To nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prav\u00adda. Jak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zlo\u00add\u011bj vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem, kdy\u017e si vzal n\u011bco od n\u011bko\u00adho jin\u00e9\u00adho pro\u00adti jeho v\u016fli? To mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u0161patn\u011b!\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pod\u00ed\u00advej\u00adme se stru\u010dn\u011b na skut\u00adko\u00advou pod\u00adsta\u00adtu pod\u00adle trest\u00adn\u00ed\u00adho a ob\u010dan\u00ads\u00adk\u00e9\u00adho pr\u00e1va.<\/h3>\n

P\u0159i zod\u00adpo\u00adv\u00ed\u00add\u00e1\u00adn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u00adzek ve zkou\u0161ce je p\u0159e\u00adde\u00adv\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017ei\u00adt\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt, zda se ot\u00e1z\u00adka t\u00fdk\u00e1 trest\u00adn\u00ed\u00adho nebo ob\u010dan\u00ads\u00adk\u00e9\u00adho pr\u00e1\u00adva \u2014 p\u0159\u00ed\u00adpad\u00adn\u011b obo\u00adj\u00ed\u00adho. V sou\u00adla\u00addu s t\u00edm je t\u0159e\u00adba se zam\u011b\u0159it zej\u00adm\u00e9\u00adna na to, kte\u00adr\u00e9 trest\u00adn\u00e9 \u010diny z Trest\u00adn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00ad\u00edk (StGB)<\/strong> a\/nebo N\u011bme\u00adck\u00fd ob\u010dan\u00ads\u00adk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00ad\u00edk (BGB)<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Pokud se pod\u00ed\u00adv\u00e1\u00adte do Trest\u00adn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00ad\u00edk pod\u00adle \u00a7 242 kr\u00e1\u00adde\u017e<\/a><\/strong> a pod\u00ed\u00adv\u00e1 se na pop\u00adsa\u00adn\u00e9 sku\u00adte\u010d\u00adnos\u00adti, rych\u00adle si uv\u011b\u00addom\u00ed, \u017ee se to vzta\u00adhu\u00adje na skut\u00adko\u00adv\u00e9 okol\u00adnos\u00adti p\u0159\u00ed\u00adpa\u00addu. Oso\u00adba vez\u00adme ciz\u00ed movi\u00adtou v\u011bc, ani\u017e by k tomu byla opr\u00e1v\u00adn\u011b\u00adna, aby si ji p\u0159is\u00advo\u00adji\u00adla. Zlo\u00add\u011bj si chce ukra\u00adde\u00adn\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed ponechat pro sebe. Jed\u00adn\u00e1 protipr\u00e1vn\u011b.
\nNa kl\u00ed\u00ad\u010do\u00adv\u00fdch slovech v\u0161ak v tuto chv\u00ed\u00adli nel\u00adze nic naj\u00edt. Vlast\u00adnict\u00adv\u00ed nebo dr\u017e\u00adba<\/strong> \u2014 To se mus\u00ed\u00adte pod\u00ed\u00advat do BGB.<\/p>\n

BGB sta\u00adnov\u00ed v \u00a7 854 Naby\u00adt\u00ed vlast\u00adnict\u00adv\u00ed<\/a><\/strong> sta\u00adnov\u00ed, \u017ee vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem je ten, kdo m\u00e1 sku\u00adte\u010dn\u00e1 moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed<\/strong> m\u00e1. A to n\u00e1s p\u0159i\u00adv\u00e1\u00add\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u00admo k p\u016fvod\u00adn\u00ed ot\u00e1z\u00adce: Co je to? Zlo\u00add\u011bj je bez\u00adpro\u00ads\u00adt\u0159ed\u00adn\u00edm vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem ukra\u00adde\u00adn\u00e9 v\u011bci.<\/strong>pro\u00adto\u017ee vykon\u00ad\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1 fak\u00adtick\u00adou moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee nap\u0159\u00ed\u00adklad v\u011bc pou\u017e\u00ed\u00advat nebo ji p\u0159e\u00adm\u00ed\u00ads\u00adtit na jin\u00e9 m\u00eds\u00adto. Nez\u00e1\u00adle\u017e\u00ed na v\u016fli k p\u0159e\u00advo\u00addu, tj. zlo\u00add\u011bj se st\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1 vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem, i kdy\u017e si to p\u0159ed\u00adcho\u00adz\u00ed vlast\u00adn\u00edk nep\u0159e\u00adje. Z\u00e1ro\u00adve\u0148 v\u0161ak pla\u00adt\u00ed, \u017ee Dr\u017een\u00ed zlo\u00add\u011b\u00adje z\u00e1vad\u00adn\u00e9<\/strong> je. Opr\u00e1v\u00adn\u011bn\u00fd vlast\u00adn\u00edk m\u00e1 n\u00e1rok z d\u016fvo\u00addu odn\u011b\u00adt\u00ed dr\u017e\u00adby zlo\u00add\u011b\u00adjem. N\u00e1rok<\/a> z\u00eds\u00adkat zp\u011bt sv\u016fj majetek.<\/p>\n

V N\u011bme\u00adcku je vlast\u00adnict\u00adv\u00ed ji\u017e zaru\u010de\u00adno Z\u00e1klad\u00adn\u00ed z\u00e1kon v \u010dl\u00e1n\u00adku 14<\/a> chr\u00e1\u00adn\u011b\u00adno \u2014 ka\u017e\u00add\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee nab\u00fd\u00advat vlast\u00adnict\u00adv\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed s\u00e1m a st\u00e1t toto pr\u00e1\u00advo garantuje.
\nJak\u00e1 je situ\u00adace v pop\u00adsa\u00adn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00ed\u00adpa\u00add\u011b, pokud jde o vlast\u00adnict\u00adv\u00ed? St\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1 se zlo\u00add\u011bj tak\u00e9 vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem v\u011bci?<\/strong> Ne!
\n<\/strong>Zat\u00edm\u00adco vlast\u00adn\u00edk m\u00e1 fak\u00adtick\u00adou moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed, vlast\u00adn\u00edk m\u00e1 moc pr\u00e1v\u00adn\u00ed. Vlast\u00adn\u00edk a dr\u017ei\u00adtel mohou b\u00fdt toto\u017en\u00ed. Pokud si nap\u0159\u00ed\u00adklad v super\u00admar\u00adke\u00adtu koup\u00ed\u00adte pyt\u00adl\u00edk r\u00fd\u017ee, z\u00eds\u00adk\u00e1\u00adte vlast\u00adnict\u00adv\u00ed v\u011bci, kdy\u017e ji zapla\u00adt\u00ed\u00adte. Z\u00e1ro\u00adve\u0148 jste vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem pyt\u00adle r\u00fd\u017ee, pro\u00adto\u017ee nad n\u00edm m\u00e1te fak\u00adtick\u00adou moc. Pokud p\u016fj\u010d\u00ed\u00adte vrta\u010d\u00adku sou\u00adse\u00addo\u00advi, z\u016fs\u00adt\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1\u00adte jej\u00edm vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem. Sou\u00adsed se v\u0161ak st\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1 majite\u00adlem a m\u016f\u017ee vrt\u00adac\u00ed stroj pou\u017e\u00ed\u00advat k vrt\u00e1\u00adn\u00ed d\u011br do zdi sv\u00e9\u00adho domu, jak se mu zl\u00edb\u00ed.
\nNa str\u00e1n\u00adk\u00e1ch Pra\u00advo\u00admo\u00adci vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adka jsou defi\u00adno\u00adv\u00e1\u00adny v \u00a7 903 BGB.<\/a><\/strong> regu\u00adl\u00ado\u00adva\u00adn\u00e9. P\u0159i vyme\u00adzen\u00ed v\u016f\u010di vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adko\u00advi Maji\u00adtel<\/strong> ne sku\u00adte\u010dn\u00e1 moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed, ale moc nad v\u011bc\u00ed. pr\u00e1v\u00adn\u00ed auto\u00adri\u00adta<\/strong>. Pokud p\u0159es\u00adto nen\u00ed sou\u010das\u00adn\u011b vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem v\u011bci, m\u016f\u017ee od vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adka v\u011bci z\u00eds\u00adkat nap\u0159. Zve\u0159e\u00adjn\u011b\u00adno na<\/strong> tak\u017ee vlast\u00adn\u00edk nyn\u00ed z\u00eds\u00adk\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1 i fak\u00adtick\u00adou moc (dr\u017e\u00adbu) nad v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Stru\u010d\u00adn\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Zlo\u00add\u011bj se st\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1 vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem ukra\u00adde\u00adn\u00e9 v\u011bci, jak\u00admi\u00adle nad n\u00ed vykon\u00ad\u00e1\u00adv\u00e1 fak\u00adtick\u00adou moc. Dr\u017e\u00adba je v\u0161ak pova\u017eo\u00adv\u00e1\u00adna za vad\u00adnou. P\u016fvod\u00adn\u00ed vlast\u00adn\u00edk nebo maji\u00adtel m\u00e1 resti\u00adtu\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1rok (p\u0159\u00ed\u00adpad\u00adn\u011b n\u00e1rok na n\u00e1hra\u00addu \u0161ko\u00addy) v\u016f\u010di zlo\u00add\u011b\u00adji, kter\u00fd neo\u00adpr\u00e1v\u00adn\u011bn\u011b (v roz\u00adpo\u00adru s pr\u00e1v\u00adn\u00ed\u00admi p\u0159ed\u00adpi\u00adsy) nez\u00e1\u00adkon\u00adn\u00fd z\u00e1sah<\/a>) p\u016fso\u00adbil. Zlo\u00add\u011bj v\u0161ak nen\u00ed vlast\u00adn\u00ed\u00adkem v\u011bci, pro\u00adto\u017ee ukra\u00adden\u00e1 v\u011bc pr\u00e1\u00advem pat\u0159\u00ed n\u011bko\u00admu jin\u00e9mu.
\n <\/p>\n

M\u00e1te tak\u00e9 dota\u00adzy k vy\u0161e\u00adt\u0159en\u00ed odborn\u00fdch zna\u00adlos\u00adt\u00ed pod\u00adle \u00a7 34a GewO v oblas\u00adti ostrahy?<\/h3>\n

Pak je jed\u00adno\u00addu\u0161e zve\u0159e\u00adjn\u011b\u00adte ve f\u00f3ru: https:\/\/www.sachkunde-34a.de\/sachkundepruefung-34a-forum-fragen<\/strong><\/a>
\nNa va\u0161i ot\u00e1z\u00adku v\u00e1m jis\u00adt\u011b odpo\u00adv\u00ed jin\u00fd \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 nebo j\u00e1 jako autor t\u00e9to str\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Mimocho\u00addem: <\/strong>Pokud jste zce\u00adla Kom\u00adplex\u00adn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u00adpra\u00adva na zkou\u0161\u00adku<\/strong> a indi\u00advi\u00addu\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1z\u00adky odpo\u00adv\u00ed\u00adda\u00adli v\u017edy kom\u00adpe\u00adtent\u00adn\u011b<\/strong> Mohu v\u00e1m d\u00e1t eLear\u00adning na www.sachkun.de<\/a><\/strong> dopo\u00adru\u010du\u00adje\u00adme. V tom\u00adto doku\u00admen\u00adtu nalez\u00adne\u00adte Vzd\u011bl\u00e1\u00adva\u00adc\u00ed por\u00adt\u00e1l<\/strong><\/a> proz\u00adko\u00adu\u00admej\u00adte ji\u017e polo\u017ee\u00adn\u00e9 ot\u00e1z\u00adky a pokl\u00e1\u00addej\u00adte vlast\u00adn\u00ed ot\u00e1z\u00adky bez ome\u00adzen\u00ed. Ot\u00e1z\u00adky budou zod\u00adpo\u00adv\u011b\u00adze\u00adny ihned Odborn\u00ed lek\u00adto\u0159i<\/strong>kte\u0159\u00ed se v t\u00e9to pro\u00adble\u00adma\u00adti\u00adce dob\u0159e orientuj\u00ed!<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Immer wie\u00adder errei\u00adchen mich sol\u00adche inhalt\u00adli\u00adchen Fra\u00adgen zur Sach\u00adkunde\u00adpr\u00fcf\u00adung Ich wer\u00adde im Blog ab sofort gele\u00adgent\u00adlich auch auf h\u00e4u\u00adfig gestell\u00adte Fra\u00adgen zu den Pr\u00fc\u00adfungs\u00adthe\u00admen n\u00e4her ein\u00adge\u00adhen, ins\u00adbe\u00adson\u00adde\u00adre auf sol\u00adche, die bei vie\u00adlen Teil\u00adneh\u00admern immer wie\u00adder f\u00fcr Ver\u00adwir\u00adrung sor\u00adgen. Erst k\u00fcrz\u00adlich erreich\u00adte mich die Anfra\u00adge eines Ler\u00adnen\u00adden, der sich mit Hil\u00adfe des Sach\u00adkun\u00adde-Lern\u00adpor\u00adtals online auf die 34a-Pr\u00fcfung [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":917,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[86,79,77,69,70,78,84,66,67,87,75,80,76,73,74,68,88,89,72,71,81,85,82,83],"class_list":["post-916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sachkunde-34a-gewo","tag--242-bgb","tag--854-bgb","tag--903-bgb","tag-besitz","tag-besitzer","tag-bgb","tag-buergerliches-gesetzbuch","tag-dieb","tag-diebstahl","tag-eigentum","tag-eigentuemer","tag-erwerb-des-besitzes","tag-fehlerhaft","tag-geklaut","tag-gestohlen","tag-gewahrsamsbruch","tag-herausgabe","tag-herausgabeanspruch","tag-klauen","tag-sache","tag-stgb","tag-strafgesetzbuch","tag-tatbestand","tag-tatbestaende"],"yoast_head":"\nKann ein Dieb der Besitzer einer geklauten Sache sein? - Sachkunde Infoportal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sachkunde-34a.de\/cs\/muze-zlodej-byt-vlastnikem-ukradene-veci\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kann ein Dieb der Besitzer einer geklauten Sache sein? - Sachkunde Infoportal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Immer wieder erreichen mich solche inhaltlichen Fragen zur Sachkundepr\u00fcfung Ich werde im Blog ab sofort gelegentlich auch auf h\u00e4ufig gestellte Fragen zu den Pr\u00fcfungsthemen n\u00e4her eingehen, insbesondere auf solche, die bei vielen Teilnehmern immer wieder f\u00fcr Verwirrung sorgen. 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